Linux 编译安装python3.8的步骤

编译安装python3.8的步骤

1.下载python3源码包

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.8.3/Python-3.8.3.tgz

2.下载python3编译的依赖包

yum install -y gcc patch libffi-devel python-devel  zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel

3.解压缩源码包

tar -zxvf Python-3.8.3.tgz

4.进入源码包文件夹

cd Python-3.8.3

5.编译且安装 ​

进入源码包目录
ls查看源码包内容
释放编译文件 Makefile
./configure --prefix=/opt/python38   # 指定安装目录为/opt/python38

4.编译

make   # 相当于把源码包里面的代码编译成linux服务器可以识别的代码

5.编译安装,此步才会最终生成 /opt/python38/

make install

注意: 第4步和第5步可以合并执行, 但是中间需要用&&隔开

make && make install  # 先进行make，执行完成之后，才开始执行make install

进入/opt目录查看python38文件夹,我们要的python3都在这里了

/opt/python38/bin/python3
/opt/python38/bin/pip3
	.....

6.更改linux的path变量，添加python3

修改/etc/profile系统环境变量配置文件，添加以下内容 vi /etc/profile # 系统环境变量配置文件

export PYTHON_HOME=/opt/python38
export PATH=$PATH:$PYTHON_HOME/bin
source /etc/profile

更换pip源

1）检查pip.conf文件是否存在

>> cd ~
>> mkdir .pip
>> ls ~/.pip

2）直接编辑pip.conf

sudo vi ~/.pip/pip.conf
[global]
index-url = http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
[install]
trusted-host = mirrors.aliyun.com

pip3 install scrapy
pip3 install scrapy-redis
pip3 install beautifulsoup4